██████ ███████

██████ █████████

██████ █████████ ██ █████ █████ ██ ███████ ████████ ████ ███ ███ ████ ████ █████████ █████████ █████ ████████ ███████:

█████ "±" ████ ████ ████ ███:

█████ █████████ ███████

███ ███ ${\displaystyle {\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$ ، ${\displaystyle {\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$ ███ ████ ████████

${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}+\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$

███ ███████ ███ ███████ ████████ ███████ ████ ███████:

█████ █████ ██████

███ ███████ █████ █████ ██████ ██████ ████████ ████████ ███ █████: ${\displaystyle {\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}+{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}=(\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}+\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}{)}^{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$

████ ███ ██████ ███ ████ ██ ████ ██████ ███ ███ ███████ ████ █████ ██████ ████ ██ ███ ████ ████ (████ ████). ████ █████ ███████ ███ ███████ ███████: █████ ██████ ███████ ██ █████: ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}+\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$

1. ███ ████ ████ ███████ ███████ ███ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ (███ ██ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\ne \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$)
2. ████ ███████ ██████ ${\displaystyle \frac{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$ ███ ██████ █████ ████████ (██████ ██████).
3. ████ ████ █████ ${\displaystyle (\frac{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{)}^{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$ ███ ███████ ████ ████ █████ ██████ ████ ██ ███ ████ ████.
4. ████ █████ ██████ ███ █████ ████████ █████ █████ ██████ ██ ████.
5. ████ ████████ ██████ ███████ █████ ████████ █████ ██████ ██████ ████████ ██████ ███████ █████ ██████.
6. ███ █████████ ███████ █████████.

█████ ██████

█████ ████████ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}+\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$

███ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ █${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ █${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ █████ █████ █${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\ne \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$.

████ ████████ █████████ ██ █████ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ ████ ████ ████████: ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}={\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}-\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$

████ ████ ████ ████████ ███████ ███ ████ ██████ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$:

• ███ ███ ${\displaystyle (\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}>\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>})}$ ، █████████ ███ ████ ███████ ███████:

• ███ ███ ${\displaystyle (\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>})}$، █████████ ███ ██ █████ ████ █████:

• ███ ███ █████████ ███ ███ ████ █████، ██ ███ ████ ██████.

█████ █████ ███████

██████ ███ █████ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}(\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>})=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}+\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}+\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ ████ ████ ███████.

████ ██████ █████████ ███ ███ ███ ██████ ████ █████ ████████، ████ ████ ██████ █████ ██████ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ ، ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ ، ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$.

███ ███ ███ ██████ ████ ██ ████ ██████ ████ █████ ████ ██████ ███ ██████، ███ ███ ███ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}>\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ ███ ██████ ████ ██ ████ ██████ ████ █████ ████ ██████ ███ ██████.

█████ ██████ ███████ (████ ████ ██ ████) ██ ██████ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}=-\frac{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}\mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}}$، ███ ████████ █████ █████ ██████ ████ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$ ██ █████ ██████.

████ ██████ █████████ ██ ████ █████ █████ ██████ ██ ████ ███████ ${\displaystyle \mathrm{<span\; word-length="1"\; class="word\; redacted">█</span>}}$.